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Finasteride has been shown to be a mechanism based inhibitor
2023-12-18
Finasteride has been shown to be a mechanism-based inhibitor of 5AR-2 [9]. Finasteride acts as an alternate substrate for 5AR-2 and is initially bound in an extremely stable enzyme-bound NADP-dihydrofinasteride adduct which is ultimately processed to dihydrofinasteride. The NADP-dihydrofinasteride a
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2023-12-18
Materials and methods Results Discussion Recent studies have highlighted Fosmidomycin sodium salt synthesis and autophagy as novel targets for the treatment of liver fibrosis [7,14]. In this study, we demonstrated that catalpol protected the rat liver from CCl4-caused injury and fibrogenes
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Gene regulation of MMPs is influenced by the transcription f
2023-12-18
Gene regulation of MMPs is influenced by the transcription factor activating factor-1 (AP-1). AP-1 complexes are heterodimers of proteins of the two proto-oncogene families (jun and fos) and have chembridge in the promoter region of MMPs, as well as in genes mediating inflammatory responses. The tr
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The protein kinase CK mediated phosphorylation
2023-12-18
The protein kinase CK2-mediated phosphorylation of HMGN1 was implicated to be involved in age-associated amnesia in rats [31]. It was shown that the decreased level of HMGN1 phosphorylation due to the down-regulation of CK2 activity could cause amnesia in aged rats, whereas the treatment with protei
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The first evidence in supporting
2023-12-18
The first evidence in supporting the hypothesis that MAS receptors mediate the effects elicited by AT1 antagonists was provided by Iwai et al. (2012). The authors found that AT1 receptors triggers neointima formation after polyethylene-cuff placement around mouse femoral artery by reducing local ACE
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A number of studies indicate the involvement
2023-12-18
A number of studies indicate the involvement of the classical AR or a splice variant that translocate to the membrane, via a palmitoylation mechanism, similar to ERα (Acconcia et al., 2005, Acconcia et al., 2004, Acconcia et al., 2003), since AR equally contains the required nine amino Betaine palm
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BIBW2992 synthesis Ultracentrifugation of AD brain was
2023-12-18
Ultracentrifugation of AD BIBW2992 synthesis was reported to remove >99.95% of Aβ, while only reducing seeding capacity by 70% (Langer et al., 2011). This suggests that the most potent seeding Aβ species are relatively small soluble oligomers rather than larger insoluble fibrils. It was also noted t
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The molecular mechanisms that mediate
2023-12-18
The molecular mechanisms that mediate the plasticity of the NMJ are not well understood. PGC-1α is a master regulator of the NMJ gene expression program 23, 24, and thus AMPK might indirectly regulate the NMJ via its broad influence on the coactivator. Cerveró et al.[6] recently provided more direct
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Microbial enzymes have g
2023-12-18
Acknowledgements Introduction Microbial enzymes have gained interest for their widespread uses in industries and medicine owing to their stability, catalytic activity, and ease of production and optimization than plant and animal enzymes (Singh et al., 2016). Microbial aminopeptidases (amino-a
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There are several strengths and weaknesses of the
2023-12-16
There are several strengths and weaknesses of the current investigation which merit consideration. Obviously, the current findings are important and less prone to bias than findings from traditional observational epidemiological studies, because causal investigations with the use of genetic variants
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br Introduction Our ability to see
2023-12-16
Introduction Our ability to see our surrounding relies directly on the integrity of the anatomical structures composing our eyes. One of these key components is the cornea, consisting of the outer layer of the eye. Its transparency is crucial for light transmission to the retina and allows proper
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Our co IP data show that HT
2023-12-16
Our co-IP data show that 5HT1A or 5HT2A receptors do not heterodimerize with mGluR1α receptors. Given that both 5-HT and mGlu receptors are GPCRs and produce anxiolytic effects, a degree of cooperativity via a functional cross-talk may still exist between these receptors [11]. In addition to the fun
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In this study PRP positively regulated MIIP
2023-12-16
In this study, PRP4 positively regulated MIIP levels and significantly inhibited the invasion of HCT116 cells. Further investigations elucidated that PRP4 dephosphorylated MIIP via PP1A regulation, which was confirmed by PP1A inhibition in the presence of OA. Upon dephosphorylation, MIIP possibly in
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NOXA a BH only protein is best known
2023-12-16
NOXA, a BH3-only protein, is best known as a selective inhibitor of MCL-1, which is a highly expressed pro-survival protein in many human malignancies [30]. In addition, NOXA was recently proven to act as a direct activator via directly binding to BAX to induce apoptosis [31]. Given that its levels
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br Oxidative microbe killing and V ATPase Oxidative killing
2023-12-16
Oxidative microbe killing and V-ATPase Oxidative killing of phagocytosed microorganisms is predominately achieved through the uptake of large quantities of molecular oxygen by the infected cell and the activity particularly of the NADPH oxidase complex on phagosomes (Savina et al., 2006) and the
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