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Recently it was found that
2022-03-15
Recently, it was found that hypoxia results in the phosphorylation of β-catenin at Y654 in a Src-dependent manner (Xi et al., 2013). All β-catenin phosphorylated at this residue was found complexed with Hif1α and it was demonstrated that this β-catenin phosphorylation was required for Src to promote
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Glutathione in reduced form GSH the tripeptide
2022-03-15
Glutathione in reduced form (GSH, the tripeptide, γ-glutamyl cysteinyl glycine) is a non-enzymatic low-molecular-weight antioxidant necessary for the maintenance of a cellular redox state (Noctor et al., 2012). At the stage of the transition from germination to seedling growth the process of cell di
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The GPR receptor is also emerging as an important therapeuti
2022-03-15
The GPR55 receptor is also emerging as an important therapeutic target. GPR55−/− mice possess no overt phenotype, but were protected in models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain (Staton et al., 2008). Staton et al. (2008) reported that no GPR55 mRNA could be detected by RT-PCR in the animals. Also
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While NR upregulation in the spinal cord is
2022-03-15
While NR1 upregulation in the spinal cord is known to contribute to pathological pain [7], [22] and furthermore, NR1 expression in the spinal cord has been shown to be reduced by continuous administration of the GlyT1-inhibitor ALX5407 [23], little is known about possible expressional changes of NR1
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br Acknowledgments This work was supported
2022-03-15
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Slovak grant agency VEGA, Grant 2/0084/13. We would like to thank Dr. J. Bauer for careful reading of the manuscript. Introduction Glycine is an important neurotransmitter which regulates both hydrazide inhibitory neurotransmission and excitator
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Diabetes induced damage results in peripheral
2022-03-15
Diabetes-induced damage results in peripheral nerve pathology that UM171 correlates with clinical signs and symptoms. Nerve injury that results in structural changes can be measured through clinical neurological assessment, quantitative sensory testing, nerve conduction studies, and peripheral nerve
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auda Previously we have shown that the natural flavonoid com
2022-03-15
Previously, we have shown that the natural flavonoid compounds that possess C-4 ketone group and C-5 hydroxy group, such as baicalein, luteolin, myricetin and quercetin, effectively inhibit human GLO I. Considering our interest in inhibitors of GLO I and based on the rationale mentioned above, struc
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In three groups independently proposed
2022-03-15
In 2001, three groups independently proposed two different mechanisms for the catalytic reaction of GlxI [5], [6], [7]. Richter and Krauss (RK) used HF/4–31G calculations of the active site, coupled with a frozen effective fragment potential description [8], [9] of eleven residues in the binding sit
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br Disclosure br Ghrelin System The existence of the
2022-03-14
Disclosure Ghrelin System The existence of the ghrelin system has been demonstrated in many species through a variety of biochemical, anatomical, and genetic studies. It is a complex and intricate regulatory system comprised of several peptides, including mature ghrelin and its derivative des-
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Introduction Osteoarthritis OA is a prevalent disease charac
2022-03-14
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent disease characterized by chronic joint degeneration, including articular cartilage loss, synovitis and osteophyte formation [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. The cause of OA is metabolic imbalance and mechanical stress, which is coupled with inflammation, lead
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Amongst oxidants that we have studied PMS is
2022-03-14
Amongst oxidants that we have studied, PMS is unique in having a greater effect in deoxygenated cells. The resulting phenotype shows some similarities with the increased cation permeability shown by deoxygenated sickle Milrinone sale [27]. It is interesting to consider why PMS has this effect. PMS
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chlorpromazine hydrochloride In the last thirty years accumu
2022-03-14
In the last thirty years, accumulating data have addressed a role for GABA in the modulation of gastrointestinal (GI) functions via its possible involvement in the circuitry of the enteric nervous system (ENS). The ENS is a complex neuronal network located within the gut wall, capable of regulating,
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This review is an overview on the ongoing trials involving
2022-03-14
This review is an overview on the ongoing trials involving anti-FGF-FGFR therapies (Wu et al., 2013). Pathway FGFR in cancer A recent study comparing more than 4800 tumor tissue samples has shown that 7.1% of all tumor types have genetic alterations in the FGF-FGFR axis. The aberrations perce
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Gap19 receptor The present findings demonstrate for the firs
2022-03-14
The present findings demonstrate for the first time in immature rats that hippocampal infusion of ET-1 results in a rapid and long-lasting decrease in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and oxygen saturation (pO2). These data are in accord with the results of studies and adult animals, which have s
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br Conclusion We have demonstrated that ETB receptors
2022-03-14
Conclusion We have demonstrated that ETB receptors negatively regulate the expression of AT1 receptors in renal proximal tubule Cyclic Pifithrin-α hydrobromide sale from WKY rats but not in SHRs. Short-term activation of the ETB receptor increases AT1 receptor phosphorylation in WKY cells but dec
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