• Errors are detected by comparing the output data against an

  2020-02-13

  

  Errors are detected by comparing the output data against an error free reference. After error detection, the process is restarted so that only one error is accounted. The susceptibility is inferred by the ratio between injected events and detected errors: = 100×errors÷events%. Error rates are obtai

• As before all calculations are based

  2020-02-12

  

  As before  [3], [4], all calculations are based on thermodynamically first- and second-order hydropathic (amino acid) scales  [6], [7], linearly scaled to a common center and a common range for each of the 20 amino acids. These are then converted to a triangular matrix , where is the length of a sli

• br Acknowledgements This work was

  2020-02-12

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR CAPHE) and from Ligue contre le Cancer. We acknowledge the continuous support of CNRS and the University of Strasbourg. We thank the technical assistance of the “Plateforme de Chimie Intégrative de Stras

• br Results On the th day the horizontal Fig

  2020-02-12

  

  Results On the 8th day, the horizontal (Fig. 1) and vertical locomotor activity (Fig. 2) and the dorsal (Fig. 3) and fty720 striatal dopamine release (Fig. 4) increased significantly in nicotine-treated rats, compared with the saline-treated rats. Tukey post-hoc test revealed the following p valu

• hydrazide MdHCLB channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes produ

  2020-02-12

  

  MdHCLB channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes produced currents in response to HA and GABA (Fig. 1, Fig. 3). This is in agreement with the findings with Drosophila HCLB channels (Gisselmann et al., 2004). In the HA concentration-response curves, the effects of GABA were additive to those of HA only i

• br Effects of estrogens on bone Estrogens play

  2020-02-12

  

  Effects of estrogens on bone Estrogens play an important role in bone remodeling, as demonstrated by studies in mice in which the ER genes were deleted [21], [22]. ERβ compensates for the EIPA of ERα, and vice versa, but when both ERs are deleted a profound decrease in trabecular bone volume is o

• br Introduction Mammalian proteases comprise both the

  2020-02-12

  

  Introduction Mammalian proteases comprise both the peptidases or exopeptidases, which act at the N- or C-terminal positions of polypeptides, and proteinases or endopeptidases, which are capable of cleaving peptide bonds in the central regions of polypeptides. The endopeptidases are classified in

• POM 1 br Funding This work was supported by

  2020-02-11

  

  Funding This work was supported by the PACA Region and Avignon Université. Acknowledgements Introduction Cancer is a pivotal health problem all over the world [1]. In spite of enormous advances achieved in diagnosis and treatment over the past decades, it still accounts for over 22000 deat

• In agreement with the evidence on the

  2020-02-11

  

  In agreement with the evidence on the Plg-binding function of tapeworm enolases, eukaryotic enolases have been shown to be multifunctional proteins, with other activities besides their role as glycolytic enzymes (Pancholi, 2001). In this respect, several flatworms have been proved to express enolas

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Hypertensive retinopathy

  2020-02-11

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Hypertensive retinopathy is a disease of the retinal microvasculature associated with elevated blood pressure (Fraser-Bell et al., 2017). Narrowing of retinal arterioles occurs in the early stage of the disease, and with persistent hypertension further vascular pat

• atp gamma s Our studies approached this problem using integr

  2020-02-11

  

  Our studies approached this problem using integrative -omics analysis of human NK-ieILC1s from distinct microenvironments and functional subsets, including helper and adaptive phenotypes. At both the transcriptional and epigenetic levels, we find that the adaptive subset, CD57+ cytotoxic NK cells, s

• br Asb Proteins and Mitochondrial Function

  2020-02-11

  

  Asb Proteins and Mitochondrial Function Mitochondria are intracellular organelles in eukaryotic TC 14012 and are the main sites of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. In addition, mitochondria serve as signal transduction docking stations in pyroptosis and regulate a plethora of process

• Current therapeutic interventions are directed both

  2020-02-11

  

  Current therapeutic interventions are directed both to prevent (primarily by proper glycemic control) and to treat the advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy, when vision has already been significantly affected. Although these therapies can be very effective in preventing, delaying or reducing visi

• N acetylation by N acetyltransferase NAT

  2020-02-11

  

  N-acetylation by N-acetyltransferase (NAT) is an important metabolic pathway for some substances, and there are 2 functional NAT isoforms in humans—NAT1 and NAT2. Studies of etamicastat in healthy subjects showed an extensive N-acetylation of etamicastat to the inactive metabolite BIA 5-961, and a l

• However one major challenge will be to understand

  2020-02-11

  

  However, one major challenge will be to understand how the diverse actions of D2Rs in multipartite, dopamine-sensitive circuits are coordinated to produce specific behaviors across species. It is possible that emerging techniques for imaging neuronal activity in different neuronal population in beha

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